一点英语

English Step by Step

No. 39

Medical Service

1. How long has he been like this?

他像这样多长时间了？

2. Did you experience headaches or dizziness before you lost consciousness ?

之前你说有头痛头晕吗？

3. Do you have any problems moving you body?

你有肢体活动障碍？

Traditional Chinese medicine

For difficult urination with normal eating and drinking in pregnancy, Danggui Beimu Kushen Wan (Chinese Angelica, Fritillaria, and Flavescent Sophora Pill) governs.

妊娠小便难，饮食如故，当归贝母苦参丸主之。

Story Show

World Insight

He signed up for a coronavirus vaccine trial using a method that's never been used in humans. Here's why.

Updated April 25, 2020

Despite all his medical knowledge, 31-year-old medical student and Ph. D. candidate Sean Doyle couldn't know for certain all the risks of the injection he had just received in his right shoulder at Emory University Hospital. Yes, of course he was told of the potential side effects, such as soreness in his arm, a fever, malaise. But when you are among the first people in the world to receive a vaccine injection, the real answer about the risks is simply "we don't know."

31岁的医学生、博士候选人肖恩·道尔（Sean Doyle）刚刚在埃默里大学医院接受了右肩注射，尽管医学知识渊博，但他还是无法确定注射的全部风险。是的，当然他被告知有潜在的副作用，如手臂酸痛、发烧、不适。但当你是世界上第一批接受疫苗注射的人时，真正的风险答案是“我们不知道”。

In fact, it's those very questions that he is helping us answer.Sean is helping all of us figure out if it is safe, by putting up his hand first and volunteering. With that injection, Sean had become a critical part of the fastest moving vaccine trials in the history of the world, a vaccine for Covid-19.

事实上，他正是在帮助我们回答这些问题。肖恩正在帮助我们弄清楚疫苗是否安全，他率先举手，志愿参加试验。通过那次注射，肖恩成为了世界历史上进展最快的疫苗试验的关键部分，这是一种用于新冠肺炎的疫苗。

When I sat outside with Sean recently at Emory School of Medicine in Atlanta, where he is studying and I am on the neurosurgery faculty, it may have appeared to be just another meeting between student and teacher. If you looked a little closer, however, you would've noticed that we were sitting several feet apart, masks tucked around our necks, raising our voices a bit to make sure we could be heard. I really wanted to understand how Sean had decided to volunteer for an experimental vaccine. I wanted to understand how he processed and assessed risk. As a dad, I wanted to know what his parents thought.

最近，当我和肖恩一起起坐在亚特兰大埃默里医学院外时，看起来只是学生和老师之间的又一次会面，他正在那里学习，而我是神经外科系的一员。然而，如果你再近一点看，你会发现我们相隔几英尺坐着，脖子上戴着面具，提高声音以确保我们能被听到。我真的很想知道肖恩是如何决定自愿接种实验性疫苗的。我想了解他是如何处理和评估风险的。作为一个父亲，我想知道他的父母是怎么想的。

It was no surprise to me that, despite the fact he hadn't been born yet, Sean was familiar with the story of the swine flu vaccine of 1976. In January of that year, a new or novel virus began spreading at Fort Dix in New Jersey. Fearful that this new virus might cause a pandemic like the one in 1918, the United States rushed a vaccine through development. Within a year, nearly 25% of Americans had been vaccinated, around 45 million people. Without enough time to perform adequate safety trials, however, devastating side effects started to emerge. Hundreds of people developed Guillain-Barre syndrome, a paralysis that starts in the feet and slowly marches up your body. Several people also died, and for some, a fear of vaccination remains to this day.

尽管肖恩当时还没出生，但他对1976年的猪流感疫苗的故事却很熟悉，这对我来说毫不奇怪。那年1月，一种新病毒开始在新泽西州的迪克斯堡传播。由于担心这种新病毒可能导致1918年那样的大流行，美国匆忙研制了一种疫苗。一年之内，近25%的美国人接种了疫苗，约4500万人。然而，由于没有足够的时间进行充足的安全试验，毁灭性的副作用开始出现。成百上千的人患上了格林-巴利综合征，这是一种从脚开始慢慢向身体蔓延的麻痹症。还有几人死亡，对一些人来说，对疫苗接种的恐惧一直持续到今天。

"That was definitely a concern," Sean told me, "potentially developing things like Guillain-Barre. It is a risk. "With this particular vaccine, no one knows what the chances of that are. But those potential risks are outweighed, I think, by the potential benefits of this vaccine, because right now there are no great preventative measures for containing this virus."

“这绝对是个问题，”肖恩告诉我，“可能会患像格林-巴利综合征这样的疾病。这是一种风险。 “有了这种特殊的疫苗，没人知道这种可能性有多大。但我认为，这种疫苗的潜在好处超过了这些潜在风险，因为目前还没有很好的预防措施来控制这种病毒。”

Source: CNN

重点词汇（Vocabulary）

1、malaise [məˈleɪz] n. 莫名的不适

2、volunteer [ˌvɑːlənˈtɪr] v. 自愿做

3、neurosurgery [ˈnʊroʊsɜːrdʒəri] n. 神经外科(学)

4、swine [swaɪn] n. 猪

5、Guillain-Barre syndrome 格林-巴利综合征

6、paralysis [pəˈræləsɪs] n. 麻痹;瘫痪

7、outweigh [ˌaʊtˈweɪ] v. 大于;超过

8、urination [ˌjʊrɪˈneɪʃn] n.排尿

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